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Crulyben is right in that 100m is the maximum length of a cat5 run as listed in the specifications. Switches and(Active) hub (those that retransmit the packet instead of just spread it to all ports) can be used to increase the range of a wired network. Because the signal is rebroadcast by the network device the distance already traveled prior to the hub or switch is not counted in the length of the cable run. The term Hub is now nearly a extinct term being that switches are the predominate technology. The hub rebroadcast each packet to each computer that is connected the computer that the packet is addressed to forwards the packet up it's network stack and the other computers drop the packet. The road casting of each packet to every computer increases the likelihood of a collision or two packets being transmitted over the same cable at the same time. A switch is different in that it remembers what computer or device is connected to what port and only retransmitting the packet to the computer with MAC address that is contained in the header of the packet.
When making long cable runs try to avoid routing the cable nearer causes of possible interference, like electrical appliances and lighting.
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