OK - I assumed you were asking about arcsinh, since you mentioned the hyperbolic sine function (sinh). The sine and cosine functions have virtually nothing to do with the sinh and cosh functions. About the only thing similar between them is that sinh and cosh are based on the geometry of a hyperbola (well, catenary actually) in a way that is analogous to how sine and cosine are based on the circle. Hence

whereas
Arcsin(x) is the inverse function of sin(x). So if sin(a) = b, then arcsin(b) =a. For example, since sin(pi/2) = 1, you know that arcsin(1) = pi/2. Beyond that, is there anything more specific you would like to know?