Manddpr:
The general rule (the one the IRS will follow if the separated parents will not agree) is that the custodial parent gets to claim the children as dependents on his/her tax return.
Now, this can and should be a subject of negotiation during any divorce proceeding or separation agreement. There are many cases where one spouse can make better use of the children's exemption than the other spouse.
This is easier if you both use the same tax professional. That way, he can "what if" the various possibilities to determine which parent would benefit most from claiming the chidlren's exemptions.
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