Can creditors access personal financial records, to obtain a deceased persons wealth, left behind in order to collect a debt owed..

Can it happen - yes. But it takes a court order unless there is prior authorization. Some gym memberships do this and withdraw from accounts monthly even utilities do so too.

The estate and only the estate is responsible for the debts of a deceased. If there is no money in the estate, then you inform the creditors of that fact. They may require proof, but they cannot go after personal assets of the heirs unless they received a bequest before the debts were all paid.