I'm wiring up 3 motors that are 240v single phase. The closest power is a 480v 3 phase panel. Am I able to convert the 480 3 phase into 240v single phase? Preferably without using a transformer?

Would I be able to just use 2 of the 3 legs of a breaker on the 3 phase panel?

Many motors can be connected at two voltages... 240V or 480V possibly.
Read the nameplates on the motors, it should be listed under "voltage".

To go from 480V to 240V, you "will" need a transformer... two legs from a 480V three phase panel will still be 480V...

If you have 480V you most likely also have 208/240V somewhere nearby... yes?

You should consult an electrician for some direction on this one...