Me and my husband names are on the deeds of the house but he left a year ago and I haven't seen him since. How can I take his name off the deeds? Can I file for abandonment? Will that help me in court?

No you can't "file for abandonment". You can use abandonment as grounds for obtaining a divorce. As part of the divorce you may be able to get a court to order a change of ownership. However, if you have an outstanding mortgage this may trigger the lender calling the loan.

I suggest you consult an attorney.