I have 3 black wires and 3 white wires coming from a ceiling light. How do I connect them to a ceiling fan?

You will have to first determine which cable (set of black and white wire) goes to the switch.
You will connect the white of the cable going to the switch, the other two black wires and the black going to the fan together.
You will connect the remaining white wires and the white going to the fan/light together.
You will connect the black from the switch to the blue (or black with white strip) going to the light kit of the fan/light.

I am assuming no remote. The pull chain will control the fan and the switch will control the light.

To add to the above post, separate the 3 pairs of wires, 1 pair will be hot, cap it for now, verify the other 2 pair do not. Check continuity on the 2 remaining pair, flip switch to other position to identify the correct pair that goes to the switch, then wire as hk describes above.