I did some work for a small company. They don't have my ssn or address. I kept poor records of what they paid me.. It's feb 1st and no contact from them. Can they file a 1099 without that info? And what if I file a different amount?

Call the company and get the Form 1099-MISC. If you file without it and the income numbers do not match, the IRS WILL notice, and then possibly start looking atoyther aspects of your return.

That is a road you do NOT want to travel if you can avoid, which you can with a simple phone call.