Originally Posted by
tomder55
Any definition of "among the several states " that includes a farmer who never plans to move his own stock into the market place at all is expansionist .
Madison took detailed notes of the convention .
In Madison's notes, the term "commerce" appears 34 times .Eight of these are unambiguous references to commerce with foreign nations ..or trade . In every other instance, the terms "trade" or "exchange" could be substituted for the term "commerce" . In no instance is the term "commerce" used to refer to "any gainful activity"(as the judicial activist claim) ,or anything broader than trade.
In the Federalist Papers Hamilton explains commerce in 5 different essays (Federalist #11,17,12,21,35) ...that's 63 different mentions of commerce with NONE referring to any activity beyond trade or exchange.
I have absolutely no doubt that the founders never intended the clause to be distorted to the extent that now the Obama Adm is using it in it's justification for a mandate of citizens to purchase health insurance. Yet;the Filburn case is used in their argument .