I checked my bank account one day and noticed the 18 dollars I had in there was gone and I hadn't spent it... after calling the bank they said capitol one had put a freeze on my account for garnishment... can they do this without notifying me. I never went to court for a garnishment..

Back up a little, please.

Did you go to court because Capitol One was trying to collect money from you?

If you did, then you need to check with the Clerk of the Court where you appeared to see if the Judge did in fact issue a Garnishment Order.

If you failed to appear and did not ask for a postponement,more than likely, the Judge issued the Garnishment Order against your earnings and income.

You would have been notified that they were suing you for the money and have a court date. At that court they would have gotten a judgement.

After they get a judgement, you will not be notified of further actions for things like a garnishement. ( a few states like TN is suppose to notify you of payroll garnishments)