I have a double s-video cable that I can hook into my laptop and into the output on my VCR. Unfortunately, I don't know what to do to record video off this VCR using the connection I have. I found a video capture program, but the only device it recognized was the built-in webcam. Please help!

You may need to go to your video board settings and check that. I have never heard of a laptop for video capture. Is the port marked "in" on your laptop or does your documentation say it is for that purpose. The most common use would be "dual monitor" in the case of 2 output lines.

The S-video cable on the laptop is most likely an output not an input.

You need a capture device and program typically using USB or a PC card to capture.

Pretty sure all Laptop s-video connection is for Output only (to TV or Monitor).
That being said, you need both special device ( typically having USB cable input to PC) and software to capture and convert VHS output into a PC movie file format (typically AVI or MPEG). AND realize AVI is intended for viewing on average PC Screen (not TV), and MPEG is for TV size/quality screens. There are several brand-name such capture devices including software; costs I suggest for beginner are around $40 - $60 (don't spend much more unless you know more about the entire, tedious editing process). Some capture/conversion devices are simple, no-choices approach; whereas some are more complex and intended for later Video/Movie Editing (adding Titles, Chapters, Text, Transition fades, Sound, etc), which is far more tedious and difficult to learn (don't count on detail, clear, complete instructions with lower priced devices/software). YOU MUST ask around to get other average peoples' advice from actual experiences. BE SURE to think and ask about what you want as final product. IF you want to do PC Video file editing and/or view on TV, then software is very important. [Note: you may later on purchase separate, better software to Edit the captured AVI type computer files.] Realize capture to PC HDD is only one step; separate step of Video Editing the AVI/MPEG/other format computer files requires better software and more powerful PC. AND BE WARNED that Each Hour of VHS needs 15GB of space on PC Hard Drive for Captured files alone (first step); so better to use External Hard drive for storage so as not to become confused with file locations and names on your PC/Laptop. Also naming, and documenting on paper, every VHS captured PC File will be very important when you start Video/Movie Editing.