Can you get jail time if you violated probation for the first time for late payments to malicious damage on a car?

Not necessarily. It all has to do with your attitude and relationship (if any) with your PO. If you are on good terms with the PO, the PO can recommend to the Judge that you just be given more probation time. Have you discussed your reason for late payments to your PO? Some PO's are not nice people. Some are and actually have hearts. It all depends on your attitude.