This was one of the questions on my homework today. How would you answer it?

Electrons are one of the most important components in atoms. Compare and contrast how the electrons are organized in K (potassium), Al (aluminum), C (carbon), Cl (chlorine) and Ne (neon). Then explain how that electron structure leads these atoms to form or not form bonds with other atoms
Note you are asked to compare and contrast. That means noting both similar and different features. Electron notations will play an important part in your answer. You have to answer this question thoroughly and show me that you really understand how the electrons are organized in these atoms and how that effects how they bond.

Look on a periodic table. Take note of the groups where the elements that you're interested in are found. Note their valences. Group 1A has a valence of 1. Group 2A has normal valences of 2. Group 3A has a normal valence of 3. At the other end, Group 7A has a normal valence of 1 (-1). Neon doesn't react. Its "shells are filled".

We can't give you the answer directly. We can help, for example in improving your answer. You have to try and put in on your own. If there's anything we can do after you try, then we'll be most keen to do so. Without your answer, we are not supposed to give it to you. (check the rules of the site for more information)

I'll just give you a hint; a full electron shell will not form bonds with other elements.