So, I had my annual exam a few months ago. Everything's good, they said. However, I can't seem to get pregnant. Tried being healthier, taking vitamins, etc. The man I'm with has a daughter, so his fertility is already spoken for. I have an irregular cycle, my LH surge last month was on the 29th. So, I read to make love each of the 5 days before my surge- and I've done that. Couples usually try for a year before success it says on Google, but how do I know there isn't just something wrong with me? I don't know what all a gyno could do for me or what they can tell about my body- how do they find out if I have issues like clogged tubes, or a tipped uterous? How do they test?

Most women won't have a problem conceiving, but it can take perfectly healthy couples a year or so because the window of time each cycle to conceive is quite small. There are a number of things that can cause becoming pregnant to be difficult, timing is just one of them. Because of this, waiting a year before starting initial testing makes sense, otherwise the majority of women would be getting tests done. How long is long enough to try? Three months? Six months? Knowing that it can naturally take quite a few months is why they year wait.
At your yearly exam they can get an idea as to the shape and position of your uterus and ovaries. If testing became necessary later on, they would do some basic testing through blood tests, other tests can be a bit more invasive, such as checking the fallopian tubes. Your partner would be tested as well, because having a child already does no rule out possible fertility issues that could come up later on.

Ive been trying to get pregnant with him for over a year now. Last month is when I found out when my LH surge was. Over a year of unprotected sex shouldve done something by now?

Either set another appointment with your doctor, or ask for a referral to an reproductive endocrinologist and inquire about some basic testing. The LH surge only lets you know that your body is preparing to ovulate, it doesn't tell you whether you actually are. With irregular cycles it can be more challenging to determine when you are most likely ovulating, and you may or may not be every cycle, but again, only through testing would you know for sure.