Is there any way I can have custody of myself signed over to a friends parent if that parent agrees but my parents do not? I only have about a year and 6 month until I'm 18 but, that seems like forever, and, honestly, I'm not particularly patient.
Can I have my custody signed over even if my parents say no?

Not if your parents don't agree. You would have to emanicpate yourself and to do that you need to show you can live on your own, that means having a job, a place to live etc.

How come you don't want to live at home?