I recently moved into a renovated house and there is no electrical outlet in the bathroom. Does building code require at least one outlet in a bathroom? (I know IF there is an outlet it must be GFI)

Tim

This is completely up to the local building official, and the interpretation of renovated. Give the building inspector a call. Of course, don't be surprised to discover no permits were taken out.

Exactly.
"Renovated" can be a VERY misleading term.
Did they rip out all the walls?
Did they just paint and change fixtures?

There is MUCH below the surface.

Drywallers or tile people may have covered up.

They covered it with drywall. I assume because it was not GFI

They don't cover because no GFI. They just didn't catch it.
When Roughing IN, I like to make a mark on the floor where switches and receptacle boxes are, then immediately after drywall is installed, I walk around and look, Height is consistent, and exposing covered boxes is easy. It's not intentional.