How do I find out if I have 2 stage heat 1 stage Aor any other kind of combination there is

First you have to know the brand and the exact model number.

Do you know if you have a heat pump? The outside unit runs in heat mode. This can change the answer somewhat. Meanwhile I'm considering conventional heat/cool.

AC is usually easy unless it's Carrier. If only two wires are used then it's single stage non-heat pump.

Look for terminals like W2 and Y2 at the tstat and the outside unit.

For now, write down all the W? And Y? Terminals and where you found them. Look at the number of tstat wires conncted in the outside unit.