I am a wiring in a Harbor Breeze Fan (w/ light) where the old ceiling light was:
I have one bundle of white wires that had one wire going to the old fixture;
A single white wire that also went to the old fixture;
& a bundle of black wires that bypassed the old fixture.

I have assessed that the single white wire was from the wall switch

I have three wires on the fan connection side: black,; white; & blue.

On the light side of the fan, I have a black, white, & blue wires.

I hooked up the black & white wires from the fan connection side to the corresponding colored bundles and the blue to the single white wire.

Now, the fan does not run, but the light can be operated from the wall switch.

What is the left over black wire coming out of the light side for? Does it power the fan motor somehow? It (black wire) is hot all the time - wall switch on or off.

If had a wiring diagram of the fan, it would help a lot.

Is this a remote fan? Why do you have two complete sets of wires coming from the fan? What model is it?

If you connect the fan's black to the single white, along with the blue, both the fan and light will be controlled by the wall switch.

Ceiling fan wiring - Ceiling Fans N More

This is not a remote fan. The primary wires into the fan are the connection wires I mentioned earlier for powering the fan. The secondary wires are at the lighting area. Is the extra black wire just an extra wire at the lighting area.

What model fan is it?

I can't imagine a scenario where a non-remote fan would use more than 3 wires, excluding ground(s).