What is the difference between Charge-off and Bankrupt?

Charge off is a tax term. It means that a company as taken the outstanding debt as a loss against taxable income. Bankruptcy is when a person or company files for protection against their creditors. There are various levels of bankruptcy, that govern how a debt is paid back or discharged.

The two have almost nothing to do with each other. The only time they do is if a debt is discharged via bankruptcy, then the creditor is likely to charge it off as a loss.