Can my wages be garnished on a 10 year student loan, if not how can I fight this?

What do you mean by "a ten year student loan"? Have you been sued? Did the plaintiff get a judgement?

If you have a government student loan, they have their own laws that effect them, ( you normally can't even get them discharged in bankruptcy) and they are allowed to be garnished in some states that don't allow other garnishments. So maybe, it is very likely they can. Normally they will go after your income tax refunds.