Hi,
I am a F1 student who just got my first oncampus job. My employer gave me form w4 to fill. I need to know as a part US-Ind tax treaty how many total allowances I am entitled too.
Can I specify standard deduction as a part of allowances. This referred from Pub 519 pg 43 Column 1-

"If you are eligible for the benefits of Article 21(2) of the United States-India Treaty, you may claim an additional withholding allowance for the standard deduction."

If yes, then total should be two right. I am single and no spouse or dependents.

And are non resident aliens exempt from NY state taxes.

Yes; claim SINGLE with 2 exemptions.

No, you are NOT exempt from NY state taxes. You ARE exempt from NYC taxes if the university is in NYC.