I stole a 20$ belt from a department store in BC Canada - I'm 26 and have never been involved with the police in any way. Is there any way I can increase my chances of getting discharged by the judge?

Yes and No it depends on what the judge thinks of the case, as you know living in BC the justice system is very lenient on " petty theft" anything under $ 5000 they may only give community service or give you a fine. This will go on your record , shoplifting is still a crime and should be taken serious. In my opinion you should at least do community service.

Discharged, no. But getting a diversion where you do community service and pay a fine are highly probable. Under a diversion, after your probation, the record would be expunged.

I've read other threads with concerns on how to go about getting a diversion. Do I ask the judge? Before, during, or after court proceedings? Do I need something in writing - there isn't a lot of info on the net about such details. Also, any idea what it may cost to hire a criminal defense lawyer? Thanks :)

You talk to the court clerk before your hearing. Or you engage an attorney to act for you.

Call around and ask what an attorney will charge.

Thanks for the help :) I've got an appoitment with a criminal lawyer tomorrow - I can use all the help I can get. I've read other threads and am wondering about settling out of courts - any advice? (it was with the hudson bay company)

Most likely Hudson's Bay is going to ask you to pay a fine of between $300-$500. But that is separate from the criminal action. Your attorney should advise you to take a diversion.