If I am a month to month tenant can my 'landlord' give me a 30 day notice to vacate at any time. I am concerned that I will get a notice in the middle of a month that I have paid rent for... giving me only a few days and dollars to move.

Generally notice has to be at least one full rental period. So he can't tell you to move with only a few days notice. If he does want you to move in mid month, he would have to give a longer period and prorate the last month's rent.

Check your original lease, it should specifiy this.