All;
What do these verses mean to you?
What then? Do we excel them? No, not so. For we have charged both Jews and Greeks, that they are all under sin. As it is written: There is not any man just. There is none that understands: there is none that seeks after God. (Romans 3:9-11)
I ask because my notion of these verses seems far removed from the non-Catholic understanding. It seems convoluted, so much so I figured that I'm reading too much between the lines. How does 'righteousness' figure into these verses? Do you read these verses to say that no man is just therefore no man is righteous or can't receive a state of righteousness or holiness through his works in cooperation with grace? Or, am I to assume the only way to salvation is to grit my teeth, hunker down in the big grunt, click my heals three times, spin around, and say 'I think I believe: I think: I believe!'? Do I do this once in a lifetime, or every waking minute?
How do you rectify your response with “Do we then destroy the law through faith? God forbid! But we establish the law.” (Romans 3:31)
Do you know that there is a difference between the law and the covenant? If the 'Law' is bad, then why did Paul say we needed to “establish the law”? In St. John Chrysostom's Homily on Romans he states that in verse 31 the word 'established' indicates it is worn out:
Do you see his varied and unspeakable judgment? For the bare use of the word “establish” shows that it was not then standing, but was worn out (katalelumenon). And note also Paul's exceeding power, and how superabundantly he maintains what he wishes. For here he shows that the faith, so far from doing any disparagement to the “Law,” even assists it, as it on the other hand paved the way for the faith. For as the Law itself before bore witness to it (for he saith, “being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets”), so here this establisheth that, now that it is unnerved.
'Covenant' can be construed as laws but normally it's used to refer to a body of laws. Let's look at an example like subdivision covenants. Such covenants form a relationship between the developer who established the covenants and the homeowner who buys a lot in the subdivision. Furthermore, these same subdivision covenants also forms reciprocity among the neighbors who are in a cooperative relationship for living and prospering in the subdivision. A similar relationship is formed between God and man in the Covenants of Moses, do they not? Did Christ come to destroy the Law, or as He said fulfill them?
The Old Testament Covenants holds this same nuance in meaning. Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, in his book “Many Religions, One Covenant” holds that “The relationship is therefore completely asymmetrical, because God, for the creature, is and remains the “wholly Other”. The covenant is not a two-sided contract but a gift, a creative act of God's Love.” God's act of love adds yet another dimension to 'covenant'. God's covenant becomes more than law, more than reciprocity, more than a spiritual love for “here God, the King, receives nothing from man; but in giving him law, he gives him the path of life.” This Holly ordinance becomes far more than direction, it brings a bridal love and a patristic relationship. So the Covenant of the Old Testament isn't 'simply' a set of laws it's a loving living, real live relationship (a.k.a. Covenant) between the immutable God and a mutable man.
All of which brings us head to head with a contradistinction if righteousness is denied to man. Why then did Paul want us to 'establish' the law in us'? Or, since no one is salvageable in the eyes of God, is He pernicious in His willy-nilly picking of who gets justified and who doesn't? If God is nilly-willy then how can we have assurances of salvation promised by the Protestants. Does God do a sort of 'eeny, meeny, miny, moe this one is saved, that one is damned '–if so of what value is the law or faith?
JoeT