I think refrigeration refers to the process of compressing and cooling a gas to liquefy it, and then letting it evaporate for cooling. It is the usually process for food storage, refrigerators and freezers, and for providing conditioned living spaces, air conditioning. Most modern equipment uses Freon. Newer grades of Freon are believed to be less of a problem destroying the ozone layer.
In the past ammonia, carbon disulfide, and propane were used instead of Freon.
Industrially water towers are still important. Water runs down through an air stream. Part of the water evaporates cooling the rest. This is sometimes used for air conditioning. It was such a system that caused Legionnaires disease years ago.
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