Let f be continuous and nonnegative on [a,b], and let R be the region bounded above by the graph of f, below by the x-axis, and on the sides by the lines x=a and x=b. When this region is revolved about the x-axis, it generates a solid having circular cross sections. Since the cross sections at x has radius f(x), the cross sectional area is given by
. Because the cross sections are circular or disk-shaped, it's known as method of washers or disks
I would suggest looking it up in a good calc book. To explain it well is more than I am willing to get into here.
Besides, there's shells as well as washers.