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It's creates a concentration gradient across the cell membrane so that it can be used to create a membrane potential in the cell (esecially in neurons.)
It also creates a membrane potential as 3 sodiums are pumped for every two potassiums. The concentration gradient and the potential energy from this can be used a bit like charging a battery. Positive charge builds up outside of the cell. Look up neurons and that should explain the main reasons for it. |
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A voltage gradient is a difference in electral potential over the cell membrane.
An action potential is something a little bit different, have a read of this site, I think you will find it helpful Nerve Impulses The action potential is the change in the voltage gradient, so cannot be used as an example. If I were asked to give an example of a voltage gradient I would quote the K, Ca and Na concentrations and say outside of the cell is more positive. I would then say the mV that you can record inside of the resting cell (~-70mV) and outside* (using a voltage clamp to measure it- talking about experimental procedures always gives you extra marks). *I've seen a few of these use whatever your lecture notes say. |
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Definitions
Voltage Gradient Sect. 1, Ch. 1: Definition of Voltage Gradient Membrane Potential- what results form the voltage gradient Membrane potentials |
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