I am going to summarize it very quickly.
Built the land of Israel
Romans took it over and expelled the Jews
Many Jews stayed.
Jews were persecuted over Europe, Asia, and Africa
Muslims started a conquest and took Palestine
Jews and Muslims both lived in Palestine
1917-Britain took Palestine and Jordon over
1917-Britain gave Jordon to the Palestinian Arabs
Escaping European Antisemitism Jews traveled back to Palestine and set up small communities
1917-1948 Palestinians attacked Jews for no reason
1939-1945 Holocaust
1945-1948 Jews from Europe went back the Palestine
The fighting continue, and Britain withdrew.
1948- The UN split the land into Israel and Palestine
1948- 6 Arab militaries attacked Israel
1949- Israel won and took some land from Palestine.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/1947-UN-Partition-Plan-1949-Armistice-Comparison.png
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Egypt took Gaza while Jordon took the West bank
1964- The PLO started was created
1967- Jordon, Egypt, and Syria invaded Israel, and Israel took Gaza, West Bank, Golan Heights, Sinai Desert
1983-Israeli invasion of Lebonon
1993-Israel give the West Bank back to the Palestinians, and then the 2nd wave of terrorism begins
1994-Israel gave up the Gaza Strip
2005-Israel builds the West Bank Barrier
2008-Gaza War