I used to work at a grocery store and my store manager and a woman from loss prevention had me in a meeting and basically said they have me on camera stealing. I resigned after they made me sign all of these papers and the store manager thought a resignation would be best because had I Schoenberg to be suspended, he says it could have gone on my record and I would potentially never get another job ever. Can they still press charges on me to come after the total ($154.73) and will I go to jail?

Yes they can take it to court. You won't go to jail. What you might owe is up to them, because some of the big chain stores demand all their legal fees on top of restitution for what was stolen. You should pay the 154.73 before it gets to that.

What does 'because had I Schoenberg to be suspended' mean?

No you will not go to jail yes they can still press criminal charges, but if they have not, most likely they will not. You have to pay them the money stolen, plus costs, it is not uncommon for several hundred dollars to be added but if you do not pay and they have to collect, it will go higher

Schoenberg Looks like something my auto INcorrect would do changing a word to something that makes no sense. Could mean scheduled to be suspended.