I had a meeting with the PSB (immigration police) here in China this week.
They are proposing new rules on the Chinese "Green Card". So they visited our university and meet with 4 of us, they believe may fall under the new rules (not yet in effect)
1. have PhD and working as Associate Professor or Professor
2. living in China for 5 years
(being married to a Chinese national also a benefit.

They are trying to get a project to see how it would make changes to get more foreigners with Green cards in China. Currently there are only about 5000 in all of China.

Currently I live here on a Residence Permit, which I renew yearly. But with a Green Card it would be good forever and not have to be renewed.

Does anyone know, if you get a Green Card from another country, if that would cause issues collecting social security retirement?

It should not have any bearing on your already earned benefits, but you can check this site and be guided through the process, and get your questions answered.

https://www.ssa.gov/

And go here,

https://search.ssa.gov/search?affiliate=ssa&query=benefits+for+green+card+holders+abroad

And here,

https://www.ssa.gov/international/payments_outsideUS.html

No, you will not lose SS benefits as long as you file tax return and report your income every year. Income earned overseas will not be taxed in US, you already know that.