I am a student from China with F1 in the US now. Before I came to the US, I was in Turkey and China for the last 12 months. But I came to the US directly from China. I was told that I am not eligible for the China US treaty benefits? Is this correct? Thanks

Why would you even think as a student you would be eligible for treaty benefits? This has nothing to do with students but trade of goods from one country to another.

Usually you can claim the treaty with the country you were a tax resident of just before coming to the US. Where exactly did you live?