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View Full Version : Geometric proof for ellipse construction


nykkyo
Jul 9, 2011, 02:19 AM
How can you prove that the sum of radii from the foci to the ekkipse is constant?

jcaron2
Jul 9, 2011, 08:51 PM
By choosing the correct coordinate system, any ellipse can be written in canonical form:

\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1

Written in this form, the foci of the ellipse are at the points

(\pm \sqrt{a^2-b^2},0)

Now we need to find the distance from a point on the ellipse to each focus. First, let's rewrite the equation in the form of

y = \pm b\sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}

Therefore a point on the ellipse can be written as

p = (x,\pm b\sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}})

Now we need to find the distance between the foci and p.

d_{1,2} = \sqrt{(x\mp\sqrt{a^2-b^2})^2+b^2(1-\frac{x^2}{a^2})}

Expanding then simplifying, we get

d_{1,2} = \sqrt{x^2 \mp 2x\sqrt{a^2-b^2}+a^2-b^2+b^2-b^2(\frac{x^2}{a^2})}

d_{1,2} = \frac 1a\sqrt{(a^2-b^2)x^2 \mp 2a^2x\sqrt{a^2-b^2}+a^4}

d_{1,2} = \frac 1a\sqrt{(a^2 \mp x\sqrt{a^2-b^2})^2}

d_{1,2} = a \mp \frac xa\sqrt{a^2-b^2}

d_1 + d_2= a-\frac xa\sqrt{a^2-b^2}+a+\frac xa\sqrt{a^2-b^2}

d_1 + d_2= 2a

Note that the sum of the distances is constant, independent of x.

nykkyo
Jul 9, 2011, 09:59 PM
Thanks. I also found the result on wikiredi, using polar coordinates.