I see ibid. abbreviated in the reference section of scholarly books I sometimes read, but can't figure out what it means.

It's Latin and is a partner to op. cit. which you will see in bibliographies also.

op. cit. = opus citatum = in the work cited (opus=work, citatum=cited or mentioned)

This is the term used to provide an endnote or footnote citation to refer the reader to an earlier citation by the same author.

* 9. R. Millan, Art of Latin Grammar (Academic: New York, 1997), p. 23.
* 10. G. Wiki, Language and Its Uses (Blah Ltd.: Old York, 2000), p. 17.
* 11. Millan, op. cit., p. 5.


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ibid. = ibidem = in the same place

This term is used to provide an endnote or footnote citation or reference for a source that was cited in the preceding endnote or footnote.

* 4. E. Vijh, Latin for Dummies (New York: Academic, 1997), p. 23.
* 5. Ibid.
* 6. Ibid., p. 29.

Thanks, that was quick. I have asked many and been wondering what it was for years. :)

Thank Miss Wooster, my high school Latin teacher. She's now sipping from her wine goblet and chatting with Marc Antony and Cleopatra in the Roman section of the Elysian Fields.

Thanks Wondergirl. I was just trying to use ibid in Facebook Scrabble and wondering what it was an abbreviation of. Of what it was an abbreviation. UG.