How long does a judgement stay on my record, and how long can they are they able to garnish from my accounts?

Your accounts will be garnished until your debt is satisfied and Judements can stay on your credit report any where from 10 years and some are renewed if the debt is not paid in full

TX starts with a 10 yr term and, I believe, its perpetually renewable. At the least its is renewable for one more 10 yr term.

Yes, it will start with 10 years as noted, and they may renew it, So basically they can keep doing it till it is paid