I went to turn on the bathroom fan---it didn't turn on and at the same time the overhead light in the bedroom went out. There were no circuit breakers tripped. It appears that the bathroom light and fan, my overhead bedroom light, an outlet in the bedroom and the closet light are all involved and all else in the house works. Nothing plugged into the bedroom outlet was turned on at the time this happened, the bathroom light was off at the time this happened, only the bedroom over head light was on when I turned on the bathroom fan. Nothing unusual was running in the house. Could my fan have caused an overload? I changed light bulbs... but the lights still don't come on, I have unhooked the fan... but lights still don't come on... what is it?

Bathroom fixtures can be controlled by a GFCI breaker or a GFCI outlet. Tie it to a bedroom and it could be controlled by an ARC fault. Check yiour breaker panel for either GFCI or ARC and then checks all affected outklets and fixtures, somewhere you have at least one of these that tripped.

Most likely it is a tripped breaker. Some breakers do not move very much when tripped.
Turn switch to fan off. Reset breaker. If you don't know which breaker it is, push on breaker handle toward the center of panel. It will feel spongy. Turn off then back on. Turn switch to fan on, if breaker trips again you have problem with fan or fan wiring.