What does a warrantless search permit the police to do? I am on felony probation. How long can the warrantless search go on for (hours or days)? Am I permitted to be in a house where guns are kept locked in a safe?

If you have any access to the guns, you can not be in the house.. So you will have to convince the PO that there is no way you can get to them.

They do not need a warrant since you gave up that right to be on probation.. You don't have to be there, they can ask that you step out while they search, or hold you in one room.

They can come as often as they need or want

Remember back to when you where put on probation and signed a whole bunch of stuff? Well, you signed a paper giving them the authority to search without a warrant any time they so please. It would be best to not be in a home where any firearms are kept just in case your PO decides to make a violation out of it then the onus would be on you to convince a judge you couldn't get to the guns. And you'll be sitting in jail waiting for your probation violation hearing. Now isn't it easier just NOT to be in a home where firearms are kept? Are you willing to risk your freedom that way??