My grandson was using the upstairs shower and my daughter noticed water dripping on the family room ceiling. There was also a large puddle of water on the bathroom floor closest to the shower head and faucets. Can this problem be caused by loose caulking around the bathtub if water has been collecting on the floor for a long period?

The floor covering is stone tile.

Shower pan floor or tub? Are you certain the grandson diid not shwoer with the door open or spill the water? Iwould dry it up and wait a day or two. Let some adults use the shower and test for a leak, no leak, you saved yourself a lot of trouble.