I am a 17 year old who was just caught stealing from a big retail store.
I am still considered to be a minor, but am scared that my "criminal record" will be seen forever. Does anyone know how this works, what the worst that can happen is or how I can get this charge pardoned?

Well first at 17 depending on where you live, ** what country and if the US what state. I know in GA, often a 17 year old is tried as a adult.

But most likely you pay back anything taken, pay a large fine.
Also if this is your first offense, they may have a first offender program.
You need to get with your parents, and either get an attorney or use a court appointed one

The only thing that sucks is that you caught for a pitty crime. I doubt you will get a criminal record (especially if you can get a lawyer). You would most likely have to do community hours and pay a fine.