If my bare wood floor absorbs any water spills immediately into it (it doesn't even bead for a second), what are some options for treating it? It's just one room. Thanks for any tips.

More information is needed... is it composite flooring? Is it new construction or old and you are refinishing it? If it is real wood, do you know what type of wood it is.. Typically, if you let the water stain dry and sand it, the discoloration will fade. Use 220 grit sandpaper and an orbital sander. Put some kind of sealant on the wood to avoid this from happening again. If it is new, just replace the affected slat or let dry and sand, if it is old, let dry and sand... either way, put some sort of polyurethane on the bare wood to seal it.

Let me know how you make out...

If this is actually a solid wood floor and you like the color of it and there is no wax build up, Sand the floor and seal it The best sealer I use on the Job site is Mimwax Spar Urethane. Its also used on boats so you can see how durable it is. It comes in gloss/ semigloss /satin.

After floor is free of wax sand the floor with w medium grit sandpaper. You can go to fine grit if you want to after that. The real important part here is get ALL the dust up. I use tack rags on high end jobs or a slightly damp sponge. Apply a coat of Mimwax. Let dry. A fine grit sandpaper and then remove all dust again. One more coat and your are done. I guarantee it will repel water like oil does, If you want to re stain it a bit. After sanding the first time use a sock and lightly go over the floor and let dry overnight.
Apply first coat of sealer. And so on.

If it's a bad looking floor a floor sanding machine will sand everything down to a newer wood look. Then clear coat it or stain with a sock/small rag ans seal it. Never use the stain ans sealer all in one. That should be taken off the shelves. Worst thing I ever used on the Job sites.