We used Dap Kitchen and Bath Adhesive Caulk. We let it dry for two
Days. But it washes off. Is there something better, that will be pliable
Yet firm enough to stay put?

Dap Kwik seal with Microban is my favorite. I suspect you have an out of date tube of caulk. http://www.dap.com/product_details.aspx?product_id=8