What could cause the sudden failure of the steering wheel to turn the wheels on the car with the steering wheel to continuously turn without affecting the wheels

Failure of a steering (universal) joint is a strong possibility.

[QUOTE=txgreasemonkey;1693616]Failure of a steering (universal) joint is a strong possibility.[/QUOTE

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Have someone check out the steering column. It shouldn't take long to locate the problem. If it's not a steering joint, it may be a problem with the pinion shaft going into the power steering gearbox.