Top of rod has an area of 1 square inch
Pressure is applied to the top of a rod at 1000 Lbs per square inch
The bottom of the rod has an area of 1/8 square inch and is pushing against a steel surface
Through a hole in a steel block which is stuck to the surface. Is the force trying to push the block off the same as the force at the top off the rod?

Is the force trying to push the block off the same as the force at the top off the rod?


Yes - you apply 1000 pounds at the top of the rod, then the block must resist with 1000 pounds of force - otherwise the rod would move (from \Sigma F=ma ). However, the pressure at the narrow end of the rod will be 8 times greater than the pressure at the fat end (8000 psi at the skinny end and 1000 psi at the fat end).