I came to the U.S. in 2008 and worked on H1-B for just 2 months. Then I left the U.S.
I know that I must file nonresident tax return, and will not get standard deduction.

Can I claim per diem expenses for my short stay during H1-B?

Yes, you can, for incidental costs (at $9 er day) and for HALF of the per diem amount for food.

You CANNOT claim the per diem amount for lodging, however. You must claim your actual lodging expenses, and be sure you have receipts, because, if the IRS challenges the deduction, they WILL ask to see receipts.

Per Diem or travel expenses are expenses for temporarily travel away from your tax home. The tax home is your regular place of business or post of duty, regardless of where you maintain your family home.

Does Harry99 meet the requirements?