In a single family residence, under the NEC are you required to keep lights and electrical outlets on separate circuits?

Not required, but sometimes useful where power tools are used.

No lights allowed on circuits for refrigerator, kitchen counters, dining rooms, outlet circuits for multiple bathrooms, and laundry.

Depending on the use of the space, some common sense may come into play.

In a single family residence, under the NEC are you required to keep lights and electrical outlets on separate circuits?

tkrussell pretty much summed it up for you.