Does landlord have to actually give you 30 days for eviction or is it automatic?

Check the lease, it should state how long you have to leave as soon as you get an eviction notice.

Not really sure, what you mean, but basically if the tenant just won't leave, for the landlord to physcially remove the tenant and his property he must go though specific steps. Each state and sometimes even cities may have rules that apply. Normally they have to give official notice to the tenant ( this time can vary according to the lease/and location)

Next if the person still won't leave after receiving notice, they will go to court ( the court will serve them or attempt to serve them with papers) at the hearing ( normally within 14 days of the landord filing at my location but varies with court) they have a hearing. There the judge will normally issue the eviction. Here it takes me about 2 to 3 months to physcially get someone out of my house if they just refuse to leave.