When we flush one toilet in my house, it makes a horrible loud bumping noise. What we do is take the lid of the tank off and lift the balloon up until the tank seems to fill up. While you are holding the balloon up, the noise stops, but if you let it down too early, it will start again. What is wrong with my toilet and how can I fix it? Do I need a plumber?

Change the fill valve to a fluidmaster 400.