What component is present in every part of a loop, such as one that involves proteins producing energetic molecules from sugar?

Why is the rate at which mutations occur rather slow?

Deerhunter, your first question is apparently a very common h.w. problem and has been asked numerous times already. So, do a search on this forum and find the other posts.

To your second question: Why don't you suggest an answer you might think is correct and you can get some feedback on it.

Thanks for opening the doors. :)