My husband works and pays taxes, but I am on social security disabilty. Do I have to claim my income from social security on our tax return, or is it exempt from taxes?

Depends on your income - either way, yes, you have to claim it. Didn't you get a form from SS?

No I haven't received any forms or my 1099 yet.

Either go to a tax preparer or to IRS.gov and print out the instructions for filling out the long form 1040.
You have to figure out your MAGI - modified adjusted gross income, from your husband's wages and interest and IRAs and so on, and half your SS, and see what the total is, and if your SS is taxable or not. If he doesn't make a lot and you don't get a lot of SS, chances are pretty good that there won't be any tax on your SS.