I was wondering if dogs throw up hairballs just like cats do? Mine just did!

I guess it depends, because I have seen some dogs that like to lick themselves, paws, legs, etc. If your dog has long or loose hair then he might have swallowed some of his hair if it was licking its self. Also if your dog ate a small animal or a rodent, he might have just regurgitated the indigestable hair from the eaten animal.

It is possible.

Try brushing your dog every day to prevent any excess hair being swallowed by them.

Do you see your dog licking itself often?
It could have a skin problem or may even have developed a habit to lick.

Get a vet check as swallowing too much hair can be dangerous for them if it clogs together in their stomach.