Can a credit card company file judgment against my automobile that is paid for?

If it is paid for it is an asset, so yes, if they want to collect on a debt you owe from another source and you have no other assets.

Depends on the state ( in the US ) but in general they will go to court and get a judgement first, then if they cannot garnish your paycheck, attach your bank accounts, they may look at coming after your auto